BIO111 General Biology-I
(3-0-0)
Cellular basis of life;
Chemical basis of plant and animal cell structure and functions; structure and
function of cell membrane; Cellular energy production: photosynthesis,
cellular respiration; Control of cellular activities; Cell reproduction;
Genetic basis of life.
BIO112 General Biology-II
(3-0-3)
Fundamentals of the
evolution of organisms; Natural selection theory and the mechanism of
evolution; Diversity of life and its classification; Structure and function in
organism level; Behaviour of organisms in biological and physical environment;
Basic concepts of ecology.
BIO 211E Cell Biology
(3-0-3)
Molecular level analysis of
cellular structure and function; Recent developments in cellular energetics;
Cytoskeleton ve cellular movement; Cell cycle and division; Intracellular
recognition and cellular adhesion; Cell to cell trafficking and chemical
signalling in cell differentiation.
BIO 221 Ecology (3-0-0)
Interactions of organisms
with their biological and physical environment; ecosystem concept;
environmental requirements of organisms; limiting factors; Energy circulation
in ecosystems; biogeochemical cycles; Fundamentals of population ecology and
community ecology, plant entomology.
BIO 212 Genetics (3-0-0)
Basic concepts of
Mendelian genetics;
Chromosome theory in heredity; Structure and function of genes; Gene
expression and its regulation; Mutations and chromosomal defects; Development,
behaviour and population genetics and basic principles of evolutional
genetics.
BIO 222 Systematic
biology (2-0-0)
A general view of diversity
of biosphere; Species and speciation; Definitions and concepts of contemporary
taxonomy; phylogeny, homology and analogy; Fenetic and cladistic approaches of
taxonomy; Systematics of Bacteria, Fungi, Protista,
Plantae and Animalia.
BIO 311 Biochemistry-I
(3-0-0)
Life and molecules, amino
acids, protein structure and function, Enzymes and the basis of enzyme
kinetics, enzymatic catalysis mechanisms, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic
acids, structure and functions of membranes, DNA as genetic material, DNA
replication, transcription, translation and regulation of gene expression.
BIO 312 Biochemistry-II
(3-0-3)
The catabolism of phosphate
bond energy, Glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway,
oxidative phosphorilation, oxidation of fatty acids, oxidative degeneration of
amino acids, photosynthesis, biosynthesis of carbohydrates, lipids, amino
acids and nucleotides.
BIO 321 Microbiology (3-0-3)
Structure of microorganisms
(bacteria, yeast, fungi and viruses), functions, bacterial and viral growth,
classification, physiology, metabolism and genetics, identification and
control of microorganisms, microorganism-environment interactions, microbial
pathogenesis and immunology, human-microorganism interactions.
BIO 331E Molecular Genetics
(2-0-3)
Structure of genes,
replication, molecular basis of transcription and translation, recombination
at molecular level, Mutation and DNA repair, molecular basis of protein
synthesis, regulation of gene function in bacteria, organization of eukaryotic
genomes and regulation of expression, transposons, phage genetics, gene
cloning and manipulation, molecular genetics of development, cancer at
molecular level.
BIO 332E Modern Techniques
in Biology (3-0-0)
Light and electron
microscopy, Spectroscopic techniques in biology, circular dichroism, the
principles of chromatography, protein purification using chromatographic
techniques, electrophoretic methods, identification of proteins and nucleic
acids by electrophoresis, radioactive labelling methods, membrane filtration
and dialysis techniques, centrifugation methods.
BIO 471 Modern Techniques in Molecular
Biology (3-0-0)
Western blot of proteins, determination
protein/peptide sequences, immuno-electrophoresis methods, ELISA, ligand
binding methods, nucleic acid hybridization methods, autoradiographic methods,
immunological methods, immunoprecipitation and radioimmunoassays, Southern and
Northern blot techniques, electroporation, nucleic acid purification
techniques, DNA sequencing techniques.
BIO 322 Physiology
(3-0-0)
Biological control systems,
homeostatic mechanisms and cellular trafficking (membrane transport, transport
mechanisms), neural control mechanisms (membrane potential, diffusion),
central nervous system, hormonal control mechanisms, skeletal muscle system;
coordinated body functions, blood circulation systems, respiration, kidneys,
digestive system, growth and reproduction, body’s defence mechanisms.
BIO 351 Biophysics (3-0-0)
Microscopic and
sub-microscopic methods in analysis of biological structures and functions;
Medical scanning techniques; Radiation biophysics; Molecular organizations and
dynamics of membranes; Thermodynamic principals of life processes; Biophysics
of neural system and neuronal tranduction.
BIO 411 Molecular Biology
(4-0-3)
Structures of biological
macromolecules, their synthesis, basic genetic mechanisms, control of gene
expression, mobile DNA elements, control of DNA replication, plasmids,
genetics of viral groups, basis of genetic engineering, control of cell
division, cell to cell adhesion, chemical signals between the cells, embryonic
cells and fertilization, cellular mechanisms of development, cell
differentiation, protection of tissues, molecular biology of the immune
system.
BIO 341 General
Biotechnology (3-0-0)
Cell production methods in
biotechnological processes; Cytochiometry of microbial reproduction and
material production; Basis of fermentation technology; Fundamentals of enzyme
engineering; Purification and recovery techniques of biomolecules;
Classification, operation and control of bioreactors; Mixed cultures;
Utilization of genetically modified microorganisms; Material production by
plant cell cultures; Material production by animal cell cultures.
BIO 412E Recombinant DNA
Techniques (3-0-0)
Basic methods in gene
manupilation; cutting and joining DNA molecules; gene cloning methods in
bacteria other than
Escherichia coli;
cloning in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
and other microbial eukaryotes; gene transfer to plant and animal cells;
modification and mutagenesis; polymerase chain reaction; applications of
recombinant DNA technology; making transgenic plants; producing transgenic
animals; recombinant DNA technology and medicine; genetic mapping.
BIO 461E Microbial Growth
Kinetics (3-0-0)
Batch growth kinetics, the
effect of environmental conditions on growth kinetics, heat generation during
microbial growth, continuous cultivation techniques: chemostat and turbidostat,
growth kinetics in continuous culture, fed-batch cultivation kinetics, growth
and product yields in microbial growth kinetics, models describing growth
kinetics, mixed cultures and simple models describing mixed cultures.
BIO 451E Industrial
Microbiology (3-0-0)
Industrial microorganisms,
preservation techniques for industrial microorganisms, the isolation of
industrially important microorganisms from natural resources, chemical
mutations and improvement of microorganisms using genetic engineering
techniques, biomass and biofuel production, microbial production of enzymes,
antibiotics, aminoacids and organic acids by fermentation processes. The use
of microorganisms in food production processes,
BIO 432E Microbial
Physiology (3-0-0)
The organization and
chemical structure of microorganisms, microbial organelles and their
functions, metabolism and synthesis mechanisms of microbial polymeric
structures, anabolic and catabolic metabolism of microorganisms, nitrogen,
sulfur and phosphorus assimilations, physiology of microbial growth,
environmental effects on microbial growth, control of genetic mechanisms and
gene expression in microorganisms, coordination of metabolic reactions in
microorganisms.
BIO 342E Enzymology
(3-0-0)
Biology and chemistry of
enzymes, laboratory and industrial techniques of enzyme purification, kinetics
of enzymatic reactions: rapid equilibrium and steady-state kinetics,
reversible and irreversible inactivation kinetics, enzymatic catalysis
mechanisms, mechanisms to regulate enzyme activity, allosteric enzymes,
industrial use of enzymes and enzyme immobilization methods, enzyme
stabilization methods.
BIO 472 Plant Physiology
(3-0-0)
Plant morphology,
fundamentals of plant physiology. Plant structure, photosynthesis, respiration
and bioenergetics, mineral supply in plants, water relations, productivity,
growth and differentiation, functional anatomy and physiology involving
transport phenomena, plant stress physiology and energy flow: protein and
lipid metabolism under abiotic stress conditions, plant hormones and their
effects on plant growth.
BIO 482 Transgenic Plant
Technology (3-0-0)
Gene cloning in plants;
Transferring genes into plants Ti-plasmid vectors; tissue-specific expression
of transferred genes in plants; improving transgenic plants by gene transfer
techniques; basic methods in plant biotechnology.
BIO 442 Molecular Immunology
(3-0-0)
Characteristics of ımmun
response in molecular, cellular and organism level; chemical structures and
functions of antigens and immunoglobulins; cellular and humoral immunity;
immunodeficiency disease; otoimmunity; blood group systems; transplantation.
